Papers and Essays
Physical attacks against digital targets
Anyone who has seen me present or has been a student in my class is familiar with the matrix below. In fact, this matrix was the guiding principle for an entire conference session in Sweden 18 months ago and I’ve briefed on it least 300 times to thousands of people.

Now read this article:
SCOTLAND YARD has uncovered evidence that Al-Qaeda has been plotting to bring down the internet in Britain, causing chaos to business and the London Stock Exchange. Link —>
This is the beginning of what will be an interesting trend as some emergent terrorist cells push the boundaries and decide to engage in physical attacks on financial infrastructures. When you are in Nigeria all your targets look like oil pipelines, so when you are in London, what do you targets look like if your intention is to wage economic terrorism?
Richard Clarke even has a recent book where the founding premise is a series of attacks on the U.S. Internet infrastructure. It isn’t a bad read, even with the obvious Soxster = Mudge parallels.

It was my pleasure to be the technical editor on this book by Russ Rogers. Click here to check it out on Amazon.com.
Current and Emerging Threats to Information Technology Systems and Critical Infrastructure
Taking Cyberterrorism Seriously
Neal Pollard and I have published an analysis of the implications of cyberterrorism that focuses on the information discussed in today’s issue of the Washington Post.
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National Security in the Information Age
This is the original copy of my 1995 thesis on information warfare. While I had written earlier essays on the topic, the thesis really represented my thinking and research during the 1993-1995 timeframe.
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This is a popular culture piece written for the now defunct Upstart Magazine. It is a first person perspective from a 1996 hacker conference that I attended.
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Organizing for Information Warfare: The Truth is Out There!
Coauthored with Brian Houghton and Neal Pollard, this is the follow-up to our “Toaster” paper. Written in 1997, it was exclusively circulated within the U.S. government, but was later made available to the general public.
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Information Terrorism: Can You Trust Your Toaster?
Coauthored with Brian Houghton and Neal Pollard, this paper won the 1996 Sun Tzu Art of War Research Award and has been published by the National Defense University Press, Terrorism and Political Violence Journal, and Jane’s Newsletter.
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